Fusaka makes Ethereum faster and cheaper
Ethereum is preparing for the Fusaka upgrade, scheduled for mainnet activation on 3 December 2025. This represents Ethereum’s second major network upgrade of 2025 following the Pectra upgrade in May. Fusaka contains 12 Ethereum improvement proposals designed to handle massive transaction throughput from layer 2 networks. The headline feature is PeerDAS, or Peer Data Availability Sampling.
This works like a clever shortcut. Currently, every computer helping run Ethereum must download and store huge amounts of data. Imagine if every post office had to keep a copy of every letter ever sent. That’s inefficient. PeerDAS lets these computers verify transactions by checking small samples instead. This means they need less storage space and less processing power. The upgrade also increases the block gas limit from 45 million to 150 million. This tripling of capacity enables significantly more transactions per block. Layer-2 solutions like Arbitrum and zkSync will benefit most from these changes. They post their data to Ethereum in blobs, the ephemeral data type created specifically for layer-2 networks. Fusaka makes this process faster and cheaper. Additional improvements include caps on per-transaction gas to prevent single transactions consuming entire blocks.
Users benefit from lower fees and better security
Fidelity Digital Assets released a report describing Fusaka as “a decisive shift toward a more strategically aligned and economically coherent roadmap”. The upgrade introduces several powerful developer features. One of the most impressive enables wallets to use mobile security features like Face ID or fingerprint sensors to approve transactions. This improves wallet interoperability with mainstream systems.
The upgrade rolled out through multiple testnet phases (Holesky, Sepolia and Hoodi). A bug bounty programme offered rewards up to $2 million to ensure stability before mainnet launch. This ensures the upgrade works smoothly. For most users, nothing changes on 3 December. Your cryptocurrency remains safe. You don’t need to do anything. Behind the scenes, the network becomes more efficient. Following Fusaka, two smaller updates arrive in December and January. These will gradually increase capacity even more.
The overall goal is simple. Make Ethereum fast enough and cheap enough for mainstream adoption. Currently, high fees prevent many people from using crypto regularly. Fusaka is a major step towards solving this problem. Node operators running Ethereum computers must update their software before 3 December. Everyone else simply enjoys faster, cheaper transactions.
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